Análisis cienciométrico de los mecanismos de compensación de la biodiversidad en la Amazonía del norte de Ecuador
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70881/hnj/v4/n3/156Palabras clave:
Compensaciones de biodiversidad, Gobernanza ambiental, Fragmentación del paisaje, Ausencia de pérdida neta, Complejidad socioecológicaResumen
La pérdida acelerada de biodiversidad asociada a la expansión de actividades extractivas, la fragmentación del paisaje y la transformación intensiva del uso del suelo constituye uno de los principales desafíos socioambientales en regiones megadiversas como la Amazonía norte del Ecuador. En este contexto, las compensaciones por pérdida de biodiversidad se han consolidado como un instrumento central de la gestión ambiental para abordar impactos residuales inevitables; sin embargo, su efectividad ecológica, social e institucional continúa siendo objeto de debate. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar de manera crítica la evolución, estructura y orientación de la producción científica sobre las compensaciones por pérdida de biodiversidad en la Amazonía norte del Ecuador, identificando tendencias de investigación, vacíos de conocimiento y brechas entre los principios normativos que sustentan este instrumento y su implementación práctica. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo de carácter crítico interpretativo, basado en una revisión sistemática de literatura científica, normativa ambiental y documentos técnicos relevantes, complementada con un análisis cienciométrico. Se identifican brechas persistentes en la definición de equivalencias ecológicas, la incorporación de la conectividad funcional y la consideración de escalas temporales acordes con los procesos ecológicos amazónicos. Asimismo, la literatura revisada muestra que las compensaciones tienden a operar como mecanismos administrativos asociados al licenciamiento ambiental, más que como herramientas efectivas de conservación a escala de paisaje, reproduciendo tensiones sociales y limitaciones institucionales. Se subraya la necesidad de fortalecer marcos metodológicos contextualizados y de promover una producción científica más robusta que contribuya a alinear los principios normativos con prácticas de compensación ecológicamente efectivas y socialmente legítimas
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Derechos de autor 2026 Jorge Lenin León Arcos, Carolina Kassandra Solís Guanín, Yandri Rodríguez Cueto (Author)
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